A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv power substation. Ensure the comfort, health, and safety of building occupants through properly functioning. The mission of femp is to facilitate the federal governments implementation of sound, cost. Dec, 2018 the electrical substation does not have a single circuit but is composed of numerous outgoing and incoming circuits which are connected to a busbar i. Substation operation and maintentance heres a comprehensive reference on how to operate and maintain all the essential components of substations. Use of strong and big maintenance units should be able to recover. Substation preventive maintenance manual prepared by international resources group. This implies that maintenance is no longer based on a rigid timeframe derived from past observations and experience. For latest authorized version, please refer to the national grids infonet substation services web site substation maintenance electrical operating procedure 8 draw a vacuum on the gas compartment to complete the sf6 gas removal process. Improving safety and methodology techniques to protect utility workers. Power system structure the typical power system structure is shown in fig. Amendments since publication issue date amendment 1 1999 amendment 1 amendment to formula in section 8.
The input for a distribution substation is typically at least two transmission or subtransmission lines. Maintenance basis utilizing the epri tier classification for the substation. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of. The risk of a catastrophic failure can cost large time and money. A transmission substation connects two or more transmission lines. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather to act as a reference document that crossreferences existing standards and process documentation and plugs any gaps where asset management documentation does not exist.
A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv power substation on photo. Preventive maintenance is undertaken as per schedule before breakdown of a system or machine takes place. There are several bus bar arrangements that can be used in a substation. Scheduled inspections, examining, diagnostic tests and troubleshooting. National grid substation interlocking schemes technical specification ts 3. The structure of the grid is such that electricity can be transmitted along several connections, and most of the maintenance work can be carried out without causing disadvantage to the customers. All rus borrowers rus electric staff effective date. Read online septemberoctober 2019 special scada for the smart grid issue download pdf subscribe now updaterenew subscription. This offer cannot be used towards courses already purchased or added to any other existing discounts. From here the new voltages go in toward wherever it is needed. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering submitted by v. Department of energys federal energy management program femp. However, in the present scenario competitive market utilities are under tremendous pressure to bring down the maintenance costs.
Pv system operations and maintenance fundamentals 7 introduction for most of its history, the u. Foreword national grids vision is to be a worldclass safety organization with zero injuries. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Electrical substation components, workings and their functions. In such cases, substation contains highvoltage switches that allow lines to be connected or isolated for fault clearance or maintenance.
A failure of only one substation equipment can cause a grid collapse, which may cost a large time and money to solve, so that the substation maintenance programs limit the risk of unexpected outages by identifying and preventing potential problems. Such maintenance results in outage of circuit and supply. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the. Substation of the future references siemens global.
The design based substations are indoor, outdoor, foundation mounted and pole mounted substations. The electrical substation does not have a single circuit but is composed of numerous outgoing and incoming circuits which are connected to a busbar i. Increase the safety of all staff, as properly maintained equipment is safer equipment. National grid substations technical specification ts 2. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system.
Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical engineering vol. In order to optimize the return on investment, maintenance managers are moving from traditional timebased maintenance tbm to conditionbased maintenance cbm or even reliabilitycentered maintenance rcm. Facilities instructions, standards, and techniques. In a substation there are numbers of incoming and outgoing circuits each having its isolator, circuit breaker, transformers etc. Ground potential rise gpr the substation earth grid is used as an electrical connection to earth at zero potential reference. Distribution voltages are typically medium voltage, between 2. National grid 9 massachusetts local projects planned, under construction, and in service c3 shield wire replacement reconfigure bell rock to breaker and a half replace east webster t1 replace nantucket diesel generation carpenter hill control house rebuild build north grafton substation build old boston rd substation replace everett transformers. When exposed to sustained or intense electrical arcs, sf6 gas decomposes to form sulfurfluoride gases and metalfluorides, which are toxic.
Improve grid reliability, compliance, and cost savings enhance utility operations. Purpose and scope this document is a reference for the designers of ergon energy substations and it covers all. Differs shall not be repeated on the same substation site. China is integrating nextgeneration smart substation technology, according to the state grid china corp. Ena technical specification 4124 issue 2 november 2018 page 2 first published, 1992. Substation operation and maintentance alexander publications. These efforts have helped to advance the state of the art for pv systems worldwide. Not surprisingly, many workers who performed routine testing and maintenance procedures in highvoltage substations experienced serious and, in some instances, fatal injuries. Electrical substation components and their workings. The maximum touch voltage experienced while standing within a mesh of a ground grid.
The electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. Testing and maintenance of main earthing systems in substations. This work creates a cascading model based on protection system misoperations to estimate system risk from lossofsubstation events in order to assess each substa criticality. Many failures can be detected during the electrical substation maintenance routines, reducing the risk of significant plant downtime, and preventing future problems. Pdf substation preventive maintenance manual prepared by. Currently, substation maintenance regular or emergencyoperations and best practices must fit the utilitys goal of accomplishing more with less, in order to maximize assets and minimize outages. In transmission network, the typical design concept is the n1 reliability application. Abb supports customers developing pragmatic longterm maintenance management strategies to improve reliability, minimize service disruptions, enable. Substation design manual page 1 of 120 reference ni000401r121 ver 2 ergon energy corporation limited abn 50 087 646 062 ergon energy queensland pty ltd abn 11 121 177 802 1. Substation maintenance i substation maintenance ii when registering use promo code. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978. What is a electrical substation definition, layout, and. The preventive maintenance is undertaken to ensure smooth and efficient working of a system, equipment. From the above information, finally, we can conclude that a subsystem is an essential part of a power grid, and forms a.
The cisco substation automation solution helps utility operators face a variety of business and operational challenges by offering solutions that comply with industry standards such as iec 61850 and ieee 16. Chan encyclopedia of life support systems eolss remote control facilities to enhance the security of supply. Additionally, electric utilities were faced with high costs associated from unfinished materials waste, downtime to the process, and increasing insurance premiums. Powergrid a government of india enterprise a maharatna. This connection, however, is not ideal due to the resistivity of the soil within which the earth grid. The project uses stateoftheart software and power technology to enable remote control, protection, automation, monitoring and diagnostics for these substations, as well as to allow both a reduction in their operating costs and footprint.
Apply to helper, designer, senior electrician and more. The open circuit handtofoot voltage during a ground fault. In case where all transmission lines have the same voltage. Oct 05, 2016 substation maintenance is a process of periodic, planned inspection of and, if necessary, repair, and replacement of all switchgear, buildings, and ancillary equipment in substation installations.
Digital substations as power generation sources become increasingly distributed, intermittent and volatile, achieving the levels of control and performance needed requires a more intelligent, efficient and reliable grid. From the above information, finally, we can conclude that a subsystem is an essential part of a power grid, and forms a significant connection among the transmission, generating, distribution as well as load point. With an eye to the grid anywhere, at any time, customers can get an overview of their assets main functionalities such as temperature, oillevel and winding current, enabling more informed operational decisions. Maintenance strategies a more competitive market environment is forcing the utilities to rethink their repair and maintenance strategies for network and substation equipment. A mini project operation and maintenance of a 2202 kv. Electrical substation components list diagram, working. Substation single line diagram sld a single line diagram sld of an electrical system is the line diagram of the concerned electrical system which includes all the required electrical equipment connection sequence wise from the point of entrance of power up to the end of the scope of the mentioned work. Solutions for electrical substation maintenance a well planned electrical substation maintenance assures reliable supply and reduction in failures.
An innovative approach in meeting power availability and resource optimization targets english pdf brochure assessment services support for effective asset management english pdf brochure maintenance contracts increasing substation availability english pdf brochure high voltage. Maintenance of ehv substation ieee conference publication. Read online julyaugust 2019 special substations issue download pdf subscribe now. Handbook on maintenance of electrical general services. Improving substation maintenance best practices for greater success by budo milovic, dvpower currently, substation maintenanceregular or emergencyoperations and best practices must fit the utilitys goal of accomplishing more with less, in order to maximize assets and minimize outages.
As a part of case study we are going to visit a 2202kv transco substation in warangal. The substation equipment is maintained by service providers on the basis of a conditionbased programme and technical specifications. Generally, the maintenance of equipment or systems. Substation operation maintenance and maintenance technology j. Substation interlocking schemes national grid group. And also an attempt is made to cover the general maintenance of substation and checks the observations to be made by shift engineer. The greuth substation connects the 2 kv arnoldsteintarvisio line to the existing 220 kv lienzobersielach line system 266 through a pst phase shifter transformer which transforms 220 kv to 2 kv.
The fence is connected to a separate grounding conductor. The simplest case is where all transmission lines have the same voltage. The electrical substation design is a complex method with full of engineer planning. High voltage substations since the implementation is a continuous improvement. Economic considerations, shows, point to the need for solutions which are capable to extend the lifetime of the equipment. November this offer can only be applied to courses registered after october 17, 2017 and attended on or before november 30, 2017. A well planned electrical substation maintenance assures reliable supply and reduction in failures. Electrical general services substation is a distribution substation from which electric supply is distributed to the different users.
In general, it consists of locating the trouble, repair and recommissioning. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and their main components. Pdf maintenance and operation of an electrical substation. The cisco substation automation solution helps utility operators face a variety of business and operational challenges by offering solutions that comply with industry standards such as.
Section section three of the paper is devoted to the details of the survey and the discussion of the results. Technical specification 4124 issue 2, november 2018. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. A grid substation is where transmission voltages come to be stepped upstepped down in three phase transformers. Improving substation maintenance best practices for greater success. Solutions for electrical substation maintenance smc. This section briefly covers the maintenance practices techniques being adopted by the power utilities for switch gear equipments installed in ehvhv stations. The open circuit foottofoot voltage during a ground fault. Limited sf 6handling instruction detailed explained sf 6handling instruction and regulations sf 6 maintenance units with a minimum sf recovering pressure of 50 100. The need of keeping the reliability of power systems requires suitable substation maintenance. Distribution substation a distribution substation transfers power from the transmission system to the distribution system of an area. Bus bar is the important components in the substation. Ieee std 8020 guide for safety in ac substation grounding ieee std 812012 guide for measuring earth resistivity, ground impedance, and earth surface potentials of a ground system ieee std 3672012 recommended practice for determining the electric power substation ground potential rise and induced voltage from a power fault. The key steps in the substation designing include switchingsystem, planning and placing of equipment, selection of components as well as ordering, support of engineers, structural design, the design of electrical layout, protection of relay, and major apparatus ratings.
Expert engineering support ensures a proper and safe design of projects including substation automation, scada and smart grid, and the latest cyber security systems engineering and consulting services focus on understanding your requirements and setting strategies to meet your business needs. It is usually of the threepole, singlethrow, groupoperated type. In simple terms, substation maintenance is a regimen of regular preventative checks and actions carried out to ensure substations are kept in good. Short maintenance intervals frequent opening of gas compartments 2 openings during life time. Sf 6 history 2005 implementation of the german voluntary commitmentof the. In simple terms, substation maintenance is a regimen of regular preventative checks and actions carried out to ensure substations are kept in good working order. Substation transformer installation, operation and maintenance instructions and parts replacement information this manual has been prepared to assist competent technicians in the installation, operation and service of eatons cooper power series primary or secondary unit or opentype substation transformers.
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